The civilization at the verge of decay

(M Adeel Qureshi, Karachi)

Pakistan’s countless archaeological treasures await a time when scientists feel safe enough to resume digging. In the remote Parwak village of Chitral District, excavators from the Directorate of Archaeology and Museums Khyber Pakhtunkhwa have unearthed clay graves and artifacts dating to the 17th century BC.

Since the objects belonged to Aryan civilization, they would definitely enhance our knowledge of the prehistoric epoch, The late archaeologist Hasan Dani named the civilisation of that time the Gandhara grave culture. Pakistan is the only country in the world where one can find two ancient civilizations. The country possesses more than 2,500 sites of the pre-historic Indus Valley Civilization and Gandhara Civilization, mostly in Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan. Sites dating back to the Stone Age exist in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. but security concerns have slowed excavations.

Archaeologists from France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Japan, England and China have all taken the lead in excavating Pakistani sites. However, with so much turmoil in Pakistan, no major excavation has been done so far. Sites lie waiting for archaeological discovery. In Peshawar, they bear motifs from Moghul, Sikh and even British conquerors. Decorative woodwork of different eras enables scientists to trace the provincial capital’s varied cultural history.
 
Within Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Gomal Valley has the richest array of prehistoric sites, followed by the Bannu District, as for the Buddhist period, there are countless potential sites in Swat, Dir, Peshawar, Mardan, Swabi, Haripur and Mansehra. Buddhist sites present a considerable security problem. Many of those in the northern region lie in areas contested by the Pakistani Taliban and security forces. They also arouse the special ire of Islamist extremists.

Lack of peace threatens everything destroying Buddhist ruins are not Islam, but some elements may do so to pressure the government and threaten the common people. Islamists blew up seventh-century Buddhist rock carvings in Swat. Their campaign of destruction has smashed ancient sites in the Gandhara region extending from Swat to Bajaur. Pakistan is rich in cultural heritage, Mughal architecture, if preserved properly, can become a hub of local and foreign tourists. Terrorism and the war against it have taken their toll on the Taxila Valley, too. Growing religious hatred is imperiling our cultural legacy that goes back 2.2m years to the Paleolithic Age.

M Adeel Qureshi
About the Author: M Adeel Qureshi Read More Articles by M Adeel Qureshi: 2 Articles with 1460 views Lecturer in Karachi University and Indus valley School of Art & Architecture, Karachi.. View More